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Installing Ubuntu Linux!

Introduction

If you are like 93% of Internet surfers out there, you are reading this article from a browser installed on your Windows machine, however I’m sure you have heard of that “other operating system”. You know the one which is really difficult? Yeah, that’s right, Linux. Well, it’s almost right, except for the part about “really difficult”. You may have seen screenshots, thought about trying it, already tried it, or just thought “hey, it’s a cool idea”. If you are any of these and curiosity just has you itching to give Linux a shot, or another shot, read on!

In this article I’ll show you how to get up and running on your current system in your very own Linux environment. I will be walking you through installing the most popular, and in my opinion the best flavor of Linux called Ubuntu. So before you read any further, hop on over to the the Ubuntu Linux download page and start downloading the CD image. You may be wondering which download do you need. If you have an Intel or AMD processor, get the Intel x86 version. Avoid the 64 bit version, even if you have a 64 bit processor, it is not officially supported. Mac users will need the Power PC variation.

Don’t worry, we will be setting up a dual boot so your Windows install is safe!

UPDATE: We have posted a video of the entire process of installing Ubuntu Linux, using 7.10 “Gutsy Gibbon” as the testbed for our video. While this article will provide a lot of detail for you, be sure to check out our video to SEE it in action!

Why Bother?

Good question. Why would you want to try Linux when you are a happy Windows user? Here are just a few reasons:

  • It’s 100% free and always will be
  • Thousands of applications are immediately available and 100% free
  • No more virus, spyware, or malware hassles!
  • You want to learn something new (this was my reason)
  • It’s cool
  • Why not?
  • It’s 100% free (did I mention that yet?)

If any of those reasons are compelling, or at least good enough, Linux is worth giving a shot. Who knows, you might actually like it!

Important Stuff to Know

Before we actually start the installation, it is important to make sure your expectations of Linux are set correctly. First and foremost: Linux is not Windows! You are going to have to use the command line sometimes and most likely do a little bit of troubleshooting. Please do not let this intimidate you, after using Linux for a short while you will become proficient and, with a little patience and persistence, eventually be just as comfortable with Linux as you are with Windows. I’ll even point you to some very helpful resources to get all the answers you need. I’ve only been using it 5 months, and while I still know Windows better, I can use Linux just as easily.

As you may know, Linux is “open source” software, meaning anyone, anywhere can take the code and edit it without restriction. This sounds great, and don’t get me wrong, it is, however because there is no commercial backing, there can be certain shortcomings. Some of these include device driver support and availability of software (especially games). Do not let this discourage you though, virtually all hardware has support for Linux and you are going to have thousands of applications available to you with just a few clicks of your mouse once we get you set up on Ubuntu. Sound good? Of course it does! Check you download progress!

The machine I will be referring in this article is an Intel Pentium 3 866Mhz. The motherboard is an Asus CUV4X with 512MB of memory. Additionally, I have a DVD drive and 2 15 gigabyte hard drives, One has XP Professional already installed (primary IDE master) and the other is empty (primary IDE slave). Here is a basic rundown of what I will be covering in this article:

  • Setting up Ubuntu Linux on a separate hard drive from Windows
  • Answering a few post-new installation questions
  • Familiarizing you with your Linux environment… using Windows terminology
  • Pointing out some stuff you might want to try

Lets Install Ubuntu!

Ahh, there’s nothing more exciting than a new operating system install. Nervous? Don’t be, this is going to be easy. Is your download done yet? Well, when it is, burn it to CD immediately and pick up this article from this point. I’ll even leave you a marker so this spot is easy to find.

HERE IS WHERE TO PICK UP

You have the Ubuntu install disc, so pop in your spare hard drive (if you do not know how to do this, make a quick detour to the PC Mech Forums and you will have it done in no time) and put the install disc in your CD drive and lets get started.

After your computer goes through its boot sequence you will be greeted with the Ubuntu installation welcome screen. After pressing Enter, you will be asked for your preferred language, followed by your location and keyboard layout. The install will then start detecting some of your hardware, load some basic components, and auto detect your network settings. Now you will be prompted for your “Host Name”. This is the equivalent of your Windows computer name. I am going to call this computer tux (the name of the Linux Penguin). Up next, the install will detect your hard drives and ask what you want to do. Much like Windows, Ubuntu will let you select the drive you want to install it on and with the press of your Enter key handle everything for you. The problem is, that’s no fun, plus there is a better way. So let’s do a little Linux “geeking”.

Partitioning for Your Linux Installation

Before showing you the partitioning scheme I will be using for this setup, it is important to understand how the use of partitions differ between Windows and Linux. On a default Windows install, all your files are stored in a single block of space on your hard drive called a partition. To make things easy, Windows assigns a letter (usually C) to this partition. Linux does the exact same thing except it does not use letters. In fact, if you were to “explore” your Linux file structure, it would appear everything was stored on a single drive, even if you have several partitions or multiple hard drives “mounted” (more on this later). Enough talk, select the option to manually edit your partition table and let’s move on.

Now you will see a listing of your existing hard drive partitions. Linux refers to your IDE devices (usually your hard drives and CD drives) using the letters “hd” followed by letters a through d (representing primary IDE master through secondary IDE slave, respectively). Additionally, hard drive partitions have a number after them referring to the partition number. For example, a hard drive on your secondary IDE cable set as master, with 2 partitions would show as hdc1 and hdc2. A CD drive on your primary IDE cable set to slave would show as hdb (there is no number because CD’s do not have partitions).

You should see your primary hard drive (hda) which has your Windows installation with all of its partitions listed. We are going to leave this one alone. Additionally, you will see your empty hard drive (hdb, hdc, or hdd) with the size of the drive listed followed by “FREE SPACE”.

Highlight “FREE SPACE”, press enter and then select the option to create partition. We are going to first create the “/” partition which is equivalent to the Windows C drive. All of your programs and libraries (libraries in Linux are similar to Windows DLL’s) will be stored on this “/” partition. A size of 5-10 GB should be plenty for this. Since I only have 15 GB on my installation drive, I am going to allocate 5 GB, but if you have a bigger drive, assign more space just to be safe. On my primary machine, I have an 80 GB drive and I have 10 GB partitioned for “/”. After entering the size, select Primary as the partition type. Next you will be asked where to place the partition on the disk. Since “/” is our workhorse partition which will store all our crucial Linux operating system files, including the information we need to boot the system, it makes sense to place it at the beginning. At last you will be presented with a partition configuration screen. You will see the option to change the partition file system, but lets leave it with the Linux standard, ext3. Make sure the mount point is set to “/” and change the bootable flag to “on”… after all we do need to boot our system right? Select the option to be done with this partition and let’s move on to the next one.

You should now notice some of the free space has been allocated to your “/” partition. We still have a couple of more partitions to set up so highlight “FREE SPACE” again and create our swap partition. The swap partition is used for temporary random storage in case your computer doesn’t have enough memory to store what programs demand. Additionally, if you hibernate your computer, all the contents of your memory are stored in the swap. Windows refers to this as “virtual memory”. The recommended amount to allocate for this is one and a half times your memory, so for me, I am going to make it 768 MB. Make this a primary partition and place it at the end of your drive. At the configuration screen, change the partition to a swap area. Apply the changes.

Lets set up the final partition. Select the remaining “FREE SPACE” and assign all of your remaining space to this primary partition. When you get to the configuration screen, notice the mount point is set to “/home”. The /home directory in Linux is equivalent to “My Documents” in Windows. For example the user I am going to set up, “jason”, has its own directory (/home/jason) which stores all my personal settings and files. The reason we make this a separate partition is for abstraction. For example, we can format our “/” partition for a new install or distribution upgrade without losing any data… even better, all my settings such as bookmarks and playlists will be kept no matter what happens to the “/” partition. Pretty neat idea. Apply your changes, this is the last partition!

Well, the hard part is now over. Compare your screen to mine, they should look similar. Go ahead and select finish partitioning and confirm you selections to write the partitions to your hard drive.

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30 thoughts on “Installing Ubuntu Linux!”

Distaples82 says:
Im in the process of installing ubuntu, like right now, and im not sure how to partition my disk space(?) for some reason it couldn’t install sid-by-side with windows, and i dont want to uninstall it just yet either. can n e one tell me what to do?
Windows Tips says:
Thankx but you know my ubuntu now is not able to get my wireless internet and i dont think it reconizes the built-in wifi adaptor of my dell inspiron 6400
Windows Tips and Tricks says:
If you really want to make it easy for yourself just install xp first then vista and or windows 7 and then linux .
Computer Repair Milnrow says:
I successfully installed ubuntu 8.10 in windows vista ultimate
Kevin says:
I had a virus on my old computer so i formated the harddrive and now im trying to install ubuntu 9.10 but i cant figure out how to install it. can someone help me?
Naziru says:
How could i download and use confiz fission.
bobby says:
what do you type into cmd if so
Tom says:
hey, if i have two hard drives will i have to partion both of them? or can i just use one of them for linux and one for xp?
r1nk says:
“You have the Ubuntu install disc, so pop in your spare hard drive (if you do not know how to do this, make a quick detour to the PC Mech Forums”

I go to there and i hav no idea how to ‘pop in my spare hd’… Exactly, wat u mean by that?? Make it bootable??

One more thing, my comp now has partition C and D. I install xp in C but most of the files r in D. Lets say i install ubuntu in D, will it erase my other files?? *my D partition has 70GB*

arvinp says:
>‘pop in my spare hd’… Exactly, wat u mean by that?? Make it bootable??

That means you should have an external HD which you plug into your USB port. When computer recognizes this you can make this bootable in Ubuntu.

>One more thing, my comp now has partition C and D. I install xp in C but most of the files r in D. Lets say i install ubuntu in D, will it erase my other files?? *my D partition has 70GB*

Ubuntu will make another partition if you wish.

barry says:
“I have installed windows xp service pack-2 in C drive and now i want to install ubuntu 9.04 in partition G [total memory space is 20 GB] now problem is i have important data in remaining partition D, E and F. If i install ubuntu in partition G…will my data be lost? I want to dual boot my system.” if you dont format it and just install on drive g nothing can go wrong
barry
Mukul says:
Hello,
I have installed windows xp service pack-2 in C drive and now i want to install ubuntu 9.04 in partition G [total memory space is 20 GB] now problem is i have important data in remaining partition D, E and F. If i install ubuntu in partition G…will my data be lost? I want to dual boot my system.
Please help me.
Deon says:
So easy to partition when following the instructions above. Thanx Jason :-)
M S says:
Thankx but you know my ubuntu now is not able to get my wireless internet and i dont think it reconizes the built-in wifi adaptor of my dell inspiron 6400
!! i tried to do whatever but it seems little bit non friendly ..i cant manage till now ..do you have suggestions ?
M S says:
Thankx but you know my ubuntu now is not able to get my wireless internet and i dont think it reconizes the built-in wifi adaptor of my dell inspiron 6400
!! i tried to do whatever but it seems little bit non friendly ..i cant manage till now ..do you suggestions
barry says:
MS
if you have your windows vista installed…install your linux fresh.. reboot pc with linux cd in cd player and install from there , not from inside windows
like…
make sure you have 7 partitions (haha)
install 98 from cd on bootup
then install 2000 from cd on bootup
then install xp from cd on bootup
then install server 2003 from cd on bootup
then instal vista from cd on bootup
then install windows 7 cd on bootup
then install ubuntu from cd on bootup and import all off above (it will ask you)
then when you bootup you will have the choice of ubuntu or longhorn
if you choose ubuntu it will boot to ubuntu, if you choose longhorn it will take you to a screen where you have to choose vista, win 7 or older …if you choose older you have the choice of 2000 xp and 98
best of luck
M S says:
I successfully installed ubuntu 8.10 in windows vista ultimate . But when i do a reboot, the OS selection screen was missing. My system booted automatically to windows vista so what you suggest and what is wrong ? PLZ email me ASAP as i get frustrated from repeated instalations in different ways ! the difficult part all the time was in partitioning step !!
barry says:
if you want to make it easy for yourself just install xp first then vista and or windows 7 and then linux ..linux will then give you the option for the rest and the rest for the earliest
b
Akash Deep Singh says:
No but if you install your windows over Linux then your grub(partition manger) of ubuntu will be overwritten by windows . A very good article is available at
Ananth Kumar says:
Hello, Thank you for provideing the Tutorial on How to install Ubuntu & the Video. Downloaded Ubuntu 8.10 Desktop and Server Editions. Purpose is to make the best of my PC and i read in various Blogs of the Linux O.S in Particular Ubuntu & its Support. I upgraded my PC to 4Gb ddr2 Ram, CPU 2.8Ghz dual core & HDD SATA 500Gb Seagate 16mb cache. All this for Dynamips, a CISCO IOS emulator. Thank you and Regards.
Olujay says:
Can I install ubuntu without using CD?
adithya says:
Yes you can, its called usb live cd.. You can use programs such as unetbootin.exe to install it..
Dave says:
No, Linux will not remove XP. It will create a dual-boot setup. Just be careful when installing because it will ask if you want to remove the other partitions. Don’t–or do–if that’s what you’re going for.
hugo says:
thanks, i installed linux and xp did not remove!
hugo says:
if i install linux, will my windows xp remove ????
Miles M says:
It will not remove your currently installed Operating System. However, as the article states (its 3 years old, btw) you would need to partition your hard drive.

Think about having only one large container; how do you put two different types of fluid in there without having them mix? For the purpose of the illustration, you put a divider in the container, so whatever you put in the sectioned off part of the container, wont mix with the rest of the containers’ contents.

Thats what partitioning a hard drive means. You section off part of your hard drive so you can do whatever you want with it, and it wont mess up (or mix) with the rest of the hard drives contents.

Jose Perpetua says:
Mr. Jason Faulkner

You’re tips on how to partition single drive for dual-booting helps me make my way to hassle free installation and a better computing machine.

Many thanks!

Jose

john becker says:
Installed 2nd hard drive(supposedly bad)40gb.Quick format threw windows 2000.Installed xubuntu (I have 384mb of ram)Now I have a choice of 2 different os systems.sweet.
Andrew says:
Had the same hanging problems as several others.
It seems to be a common issue with ACPI or APIC or whatever the acronym is.

On Ubuntu 8.10 the keys to choose boot options are F6, and turn off the api and lapic options.

This worked for me.

Pete says:
I have just loaded Ubuntu on my laptop as Windows Vista far too slow. Am new to Linux and need advice on partitioning and formatting the space where vista loaded (do not want it). please direct me to the best lcations to learn how to recapture my hard drive space (seems I only have 41MB use of 120GB… or am I wrong? My laptop now automatically boots up on ubuntu.
HBK says:
i know how to install and create partitions with XP and LINUX together ^^
Dragomir says:
I have a problem with the very beginning with the installation. I burn ubuntu on a cd and boot it. Then it asks me what do I choose: Windows vista or ubuntu, and I choose ubuntu. Then It start loading and shows the screen where ubuntu is loading. But then it shows a screen that wants me to type some kind of command and on the top of the screen says that is loading but it is not. It says the version of ubuntu and under that says to type help for build commands.
WHAT DO I DO HELP?
senba says:
anyone help me out for installing the drivers from the motherboard cd in the ubuntu8.10
Max says:
to install most supported drivers you have to go to System>Administration>Hardware Drivers
There you will be asked to activate which drivers. Make sure to update the system first though, as I had some problems activating my video card drivers before updating system (to update system goto System>Administration>Update Manager).
abdrew says:
To all those having blank screens during installation!!!
Before choosing the option “Install Ubuntu” press F4 and choose “safe video driver” option

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Adam

Mar 1, 2006

643 Articles Published

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